Hyperpigmentation
What is it
Hyperpigmentation, chloasma is an increasingly common problem. They occur mainly among women in the form of irregular, well-defined spots. They occupy the face, often located on the forehead and around the mouth, as well as on the neckline. They are prone to frequent recurrences, so the basic rule to counteract them is to use protective creams with high sunscreen (UV 40.50). Solar radiation intensifies any type of discoloration, starting from freckles.
The reasons
The causes of skin pigmentation changes include excessive production of the pigment (melanin) or its reduced elimination from the body. Melanin protects the skin against solar radiation.
Dark spots are most often the result of excessive sunbathing, while taking medications (especially some antibiotics and birth control pills), they may also appear on a hormonal background. They can be formed in acne skin, in places of inflammation and after exfoliation of the epidermis (acid peels, microdermabrasion, laser therapy) in the absence of adequate sun protection, after such treatments. Discoloration may also be a symptom of hormonal disorders associated with ovarian diseases.
Generalized hyperpigmentation and chloasma associated with the following conditions: pregnancy, menopause, menstrual disorders, inflammation of the appendages, oral contraceptives, chronic liver disease, use of drugs and certain cosmetics.
Currently, combination therapy is increasingly used in the treatment of discoloration.